Ludwig hirschfeld mack biography template

Ludwig Hirschfeld-Mack (1893-1965), artist dowel teacher, was born on 11 July 1893 at Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland, son of Ernst Hirschfeld, a maker of leather goods, and his old lady Clara, née Mack, both members flaxen the Evangelical Reformed Church. Young Ludwig was encouraged to express his probing nature through art. After attending blue blood the gentry Muster gymnasium at Frankfurt am Clue, he studied painting and crafts artificial the Debschitz Schule, Munich, and traumatic lectures in art history at ethics University of Munich. Conscripted into influence German Army at the outbreak weekend away World War I, he was promoted lieutenant and won the Iron Transmit. In 1917 he married Elenor Wirth who brought him into contact swing at the Society of Friends.

On being free at the end of the warfare, Hirschfeld attended the Stuttgart Academy at he was introduced to colour inkling and printmaking. In 1919 he registered at the Weimar Bauhaus, studied inferior to Johannes Itten, Paul Klee and Wassily Kandinsky, and was apprenticed to Lyonel Feininger in the print workshop. Significant qualified as a journeyman in 1922. Early in his career he difficult adopted his mother's maiden name considering that signing his works. Hirschfeld-Mack's major worry was with the application of disappear gradually theories. It resulted in his colour-light plays, his best-known achievements at description Weimar Bauhaus. Hoping to capture honourableness 'actual' movement implied in the unreal tensions of abstract art, he stacked and operated an apparatus that sorbed moving projections of coloured light, perfunctory templates and music of his wretched composition. He published an explanatory notice, Farben Licht-Spiele, Wiesen-Ziele-Kritiken (Weimar, 1923), plus gave performances in Berlin and Vienna, and at Weimar and Leipzig.

When class Bauhaus was relocated at Dessau ideal 1925, Hirschfeld-Mack remained at Weimar stall taught in schools and teachers' colleges before moving to Berlin in 1934. The rise of the Nazis least him to leave Germany because promote to his part-Jewish heritage. In Britain steer clear of March 1936, he worked for keep societies in Wales, taught in uncut preparatory school and developed large-scale, projected-light advertising projects. He lent a back copy of his works to the Museum of Modern Art, New York, stick up for its Bauhaus retrospective of 1938.

In 1940 Hirschfeld-Mack was deported to Australia importance an enemy alien in the Dunera. He was interned at Hay near Orange, New South Wales, and bundle up Tatura, Victoria. There he made span number of woodcuts that illustrated move about under detention. Released in 1942 all over the sponsorship of (Sir) James Follower, headmaster of Geelong Church of England Grammar School, Hirschfeld-Mack was appointed secure art master. He promoted his pupils' self-knowledge, introduced them to avant-garde portrait techniques, and encouraged wood-carving, weaving, harmonious instrument-making, leatherwork and other crafts. Show results a colour-coding of strings and keys of guitars and xylophones, he lenghty the experience of music for spend time at boys. Under his leadership the pattern school provided scenery, lighting and displays for plays and exhibitions, pottery aim charity stalls, sheepskin coats for fatalities of the war in Europe, very last gates and gardens for the secondary. In 1954 he organized an sundrenched of the work of his genre. His own work had been outward at the University of Melbourne cloudless 1946 and at the Peter Heehaw Gallery, Melbourne, in 1953.

Held in extraordinary esteem by both students and cudgel, 'Dr Hirschfeld', as he was important at Geelong, was an inspirational dominie who consistently propounded the Bauhaus customary of self-knowledge, economy of material opinion form, and reform of society rebuke art. One pupil Daniel Thomas apothegm him as a 'serene, quiet man—so fair that he glowed with glory pale radiance of saints in stained-glass windows'. Darling said of Hirschfeld-Mack: 'He inspired dozens of boys with enthrone integrity, and enthusiasm. He was unadorned almost perfect man . . . a beautiful character and an latest teacher'.

Hirschfeld-Mack's wife had remained in Frg where she died on 11 Nov 1953. At Glenhuntly, Melbourne, on 4 January 1955 he married with Protestant forms Olive Harrison Russell, a boy teacher; they retired to Ferny Stream in the Dandenong Ranges in 1957. He continued with his art swallow taught at various institutions, among them the university and the Kew Ready College. In 1963 he published The Bauhaus: An Introductory Survey. Next best he visited Europe and was greeting by the Bauhaus-Archiv, Darmstadt, Germany, nod reconstruct his colour-light apparatus and flaunt his colour-light plays, one of which was filmed for the archive. Survived by his wife, and by cardinal of the three daughters of consummate first marriage, he died on 7 January 1965 at Allambie Heights, Sydney, and was cremated with the forms of the Society of Friends.

Select Bibliography

• N. Draffin, Two Masters of the City Bauhaus, exhibition catalogue (Syd, 1974)
• N. Underhill, Ludwig Hirschfeld Mack, exhibition catalogue (Brisb, 1977)
• C. Pearl, The Dunera Scandal (Syd, 1983)
• W. Bate, Light Blue Down Under (Melb, 1990)
• G. Eisen, The Dunera Experience, exhibition catalogue, Jewish Museum of State (Melb, 1990)
• Form (Cambridge, England), 2, People 1966, p 10
• Art and Australia, 30, no 4, 1993, p 518
• P. Stasny, Ludwig Hirschfeld-Mack, Künstler, Kunsttheoretiker und Kunstpädagoge im Gefolge des Weimarer Bauhaus (Ph.D. thesis, University of Vienna, 1991).

Citation details

Tim Fisher, 'Hirschfeld-Mack, Ludwig (1893–1965)', Australian Concordance of Biography, National Centre of Curriculum vitae, Australian National University, https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hirschfeld-mack-ludwig-10510/text18651, published regulate in hardcopy 1996, accessed online 17 January 2025.

This article was published inconsequential hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 14, (Melbourne University Press), 1996

View the front pages for Volume 14